Prevalence Of Bruxism And Emotional Stress And The Association Between Them In Brazilian Police Officers

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of bruxism and emotional stress in Brazilian police officers, due to exposure to stressful situations, and to assess the relationship between the type of work done by a police officer and the presence of bruxism and emotional stress. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Military Police of the State of São Paulo, Campinas, SP, Brazil. The final sample included 394 male police officers (mean age = 35.5 years). Bruxism was diagnosed by the presence of aligned dental wear facets associated with the presence of one of the following signs or symptoms: self-report of tooth-grinding, painful sensitivity of the masseter and temporal muscles, discomfort in the jaw musculature upon waking. The Stress Symptoms Inventory (SSI) was applied to evaluate emotional stress. The type of work done by the police was classified as organizational or operational, the latter being assumed as the more stressful since it exposes the police officer to life risk. The results showed a prevalence of bruxism of 50.2% and a prevalence of emotional stress of 45.7%. The Chi-square test indicated an association between stress and bruxism (P < .05). No significant association was found between emotional stress and type of work (P = .382) or between bruxism and work activity (P = .611). It could be concluded that emotional stress was associated with bruxism, independently of the type of work done by police officers.2213135Lavigne, G.J., Rompré, P.H., Montplaisir, J.Y., Sleep bruxism: Validity of clinical research diagnostic criteria in a controlled polysomnographic study (1996) J Dent Res, 75 (1), pp. 546-552Lobbezoo, F., Naeije, M., Bruxism is mainly regulated centrally, not peripherally (2001) J Oral Rehabil, 28 (12), pp. 1085-1091Arnold, A., Bruxism and the occlusion (1981) Dent Clin North Am, 25, pp. 395-407Rugh, J.D., Harlan, J., Nocturnal bruxism and temporoman-dibular disorders (1988) Adv Neurol, 49, pp. 329-341Tsai, C.M., Chou, S.L., Gale, E.N., McCall Jr, W.D., Human masticatory muscle activity and jaw position under experimental stress (2002) J Oral Rehabil, 29 (1), pp. 44-51Manfredini, D., Landi, N., Romagnoli, M., Bosco, M., Psychic and occlusal factors in bruxers (2004) Aust Dent J, 49 (2), pp. 84-89Pingitore, G., Chrobak, V., Petrie, J., The social and psychologic factors of bruxism (1991) J Prosthet Dent, 65 (3), pp. 443-446Watanabe, T., Ichikawa, K., Clark, G.T., Bruxism levels and daily behaviors: 3 weeks of measurement and correlation (2003) J Orofac Pain, 17 (1), pp. 65-73Pierce, C.J., Chrisman, K., Bennett, M.E., Close, J.M., Stress, anticipatory stress, and psychologic measures related to sleep bruxism (1995) J Orofac Pain, 9 (1), pp. 51-56Axelbend, M., Vaile, J., South Florida's approach to police stress management (1979) Police Stress, 1, pp. 13-14Blackmore, J., (1978) Are police allowed to have problems of their own? Police Mag, 1, pp. 47-55Violanti, J.M., (1996) Police suicide: Epidemic in blue, , Springfield: Charles C Thomas;Neylan, T.C., Metzler, T.J., Best, S.R., Weiss, D.S., Fagan, J.A., Libermam, A., Critical incident exposure and sleep quality in police officers (2002) Psychosom Med, 64 (2), pp. 345-352Lipp, M.E.N., Guevara, A.J.H., Empiric validation of stress symptoms inventory (SSI) (1994) Estud Psicol, 11, pp. 43-49Pigno, M.A., Hatch, J.P., Rodrigues Garcia, R.C., Sakai, S., Rugh, J.D., Severity, distribution, and correlates of occlusal tooth wear in a sample of Mexican-American and European-American adults (2001) Int J Prosthodont, 14 (1), pp. 65-70Glaros, A.G., Incidence of diurnal and nocturnal bruxism (1981) J Prosthet Dent, 45 (5), pp. 545-549Ramfjord, S.P., Bruxism, a clinical and electromyographic study (1961) J Am Dent Assoc, 62, pp. 21-44Manfredini, D., Ciapparelli, A., Dell'Osso, L., Bosco, M., Mood disorders in subjects with bruxing behavior (2005) J Dent, 33 (6), pp. 485-490Manfredini, D., Landi, N., Fantoni, F., Segù, M., Bosco, M., Anxiety symptoms in clinically diagnosed bruxers (2005) J Oral Rehabil, 32 (8), pp. 584-588Wigdorowicz-Makowerowa, N., Epidemiological studies on prevalence and etiology of functional disturbances of the masticatory system (1979) J Prosthet Dent, 41 (1), pp. 76-82Collins PA, Gibbs ACC. Stress in police officers: a study of the origins, prevalence and severity of stress-related symptoms within a county police force. Occup Med. 2003;53(4):256-64Bültmann, U., Kant, I., Kasl, S.V., Beurskens, A.J., van der Brandt, P.A., Fatigue and psychological distress in the working population: Psychometrics, prevalence, and correlates (2002) J Psychosom Res, 52 (6), pp. 445-452Spielberg, C.C., Westberry, L.G., Grier, K.S., Greenfield, G., (1981) The police stress survey: Sources of stress in law enforcement, , Tampa FL, Human Resources Institute;Kirkcaldly, B., Cooper, C.L., Ruffalo, P., Work stress and health in a sample of U.S. police (1995) Psychol Rep, 76 (2), pp. 700-702Kroes, W.H., Gould, S., Job stress in policemen: An empirical study (1979) Police Stress, 1, pp. 9-10Violanti, J.M., Aron, F., Ranking police stressors (1994) Psychol Rep, 75 (2), pp. 824-826Violanti, J.M., Aron, F., Sources of police stressors, job attitudes and psychological distress (1993) Psychol Rep, 72 (3 PART 1), pp. 899-90

Prevalência de anticorpos IgG específicos anti Toxoplasma gondii em doadores de sangue no Recife, nordeste do Brasil

Estudo epidemiológico de infecção por Toxoplasma gondii em doadores de sangue foi realizado com vistas ao estabelecimento da soroprevalência em Recife. Soro de 160 indivíduos (119 masculinos e 41 femininos) foram analisados mediante o emprego de ensaio imunoenzimático para a detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Toxoplasma (Denka Seiken Co., LTD., Tokyo, Japan). O percentual de soropositivos para os indivíduos do sexo masculino (79,0%) foi maior (p < 0,005) do que para os do feminino (63,4%). Esta soropositividade aumentou com a idade, variando de 18,2% para os indivíduos menores de 20 anos até 92,6% para aqueles entre 40 e 50 anos de idade. Para as mulheres na idade fértil (18-40 anos) foi encontrada prevalência de 51,6%.A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in blood donors was carried out in order to identify seroprevalence in Recife, Brazil. Sera from 160 individuals (119 male and 41 female) were evaluated by using a Toxoplasma IgG-antibody enzyme immunoassay (Denka Seiken Co., LTD., Tokyo, Japan). The seropositive percentual for males (79.0%) showed to be higher (p < 0.05) than for females (63.4%). This percentage increases with age, ranging from 18.2% to 92.6% for individuals aging under 20 and 40-50 years old, respectively. For women of childbearing age (18-40 years) it was found a prevalence of 51.6%

Compatible blends of thermoplastic starch and hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers

AbstractEthylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with 19% of vinyl acetate and its derivatives modified by hydrolysis of 50 and 100% of the initial vinyl acetate groups were used to produce blends with thermoplastic starch (TPS) plasticized with 30wt% glycerol. The blends were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, water absorption, stress–strain mechanical tests, dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. In contrast to the blends with unmodified EVA, those made with hydrolyzed EVA were compatible, as demonstrated by the brittle fracture surface analysis and the results of thermal and mechanical tests. The mechanical characteristics and water absorption of the TPS were improved even with a small addition (2.5wt%) of hydrolyzed EVA. The glass transition temperature rose with the degree of hydrolysis of EVA by 40 and 50°, for the EVA with 50 and 100% hydrolysis, respectively. The addition of hydrolyzed EVA proved to be an interesting approach to improving TPS properties, even when very small quantities were used, such as 2.5wt%

Strain-dependent Optical Emission In In1 - Xgaxas/inp Quantum Wells

InGaAs/InP strained-layer modulation -doped quantum wells were studied by photoluminescence. The combination of the built-in strain and the quantum confinement in this system leads to a strong valence band mixing yielding direct and indirect band gap structures. We demonstrate that the optical emission line shape is strongly dependent on the valence band dispersion and it is a good method to distinguish between direct and indirect structures. The application of an external biaxial tensile strain to the samples provides an additional evidence of direct-to-indirect band gap transition in strained heterostructures.641515330111533014Gershoni, D., Vandenberg, J.M., Hamm, R.A., Temkin, H., Panish, M.B., (1987) Phys. Rev. B, 36, p. 1320Gershoni, D., Temkin, H., Vandenberg, J.M., Chu, S.N.G., Hamm, R.A., Panish, M.B., (1988) Phys. Rev. Lett., 60, p. 448Gershoni, D., Temkin, H., Panish, M.B., Hamm, R.A., (1989) Phys. Rev. B, 39, p. 5531Chao, C.Y.-P., Chuang, S.L., (1992) Phys. Rev. B, 46, p. 4110Sugawara, M., Okazaki, N., Fujii, T., Yamazaki, S., (1993) Phys. Rev. B, 48, p. 8102Michler, P., Hangleiter, A., Moritz, A., Fuchs, G., Härle, V., Scholz, F., (1993) Phys. Rev. B, 48, p. 111991Triques, A.L.C., Brum, J.A., (1995) Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors, Vancouver, Canada, 1994, 2, pp. 1328-1331. , edited by D.J. Lockwood (World Scientific)Weihofen, R., Weiser, G., Starck, Ch., Simes, R.J., (1995) Phys. Rev. B, 51, p. 4296Dalfors, J., Lundström, R., Holtz, P.O., Radamson, H.H., Monemar, B., Wallin, J., Landgren, G., (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, p. 503Hosea, T.J.C., Rowland, G., (1998) Supercond. Sci. Technol., 13, p. 207Tudury, H.A.P., Ribeiro, E., Iikawa, F., Brum, J.A., Bernussi, A.A., Carvalho W., Jr., Gobbi, A., unpublishedBastard, G., Brum, J.A., (1986) IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 22, p. 1625Bastard, G., (1992) Wave Mechanics Applied to Semiconductor Heterostructures, , Les Editions de Physique, ParisBaptizmanskii, V.V., Novak, I.I., Titovets, Yu.F., (1979) Sov. Phys. Solid State, 21, p. 1915Liarokapis, E., Richter, W., (1992) Meas. Sci. Technol., 3, p. 347Thewalt, M.L.W., Harrison, D.A., Reinhart, C.F., Wolk, J.A., Lafontaine, H., (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 79, p. 26

Wolbachia pipientis: first detection in populations of Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) and Psyllaephagus bliteus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in Brazil

The sucking insect, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), is originally from Australia and reduces the productivity of Eucalyptus crops. The parasitoid Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is the main agent used in the integrated management of G. brimblecombei. Endosymbionts, in insects, are important in the adaptation and protection of their hosts to the environment. The intracellular symbionts Wolbachia, induces reproductive changes such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, feminization, male death and parthenogenesis. The objective of this study was to report the first record of Wolbachia pipientis in populations of G. brimblecombei and of its parasitoid P. bliteus in the field in Brazil. Branches with adults of G. brimblecombei and P. bliteus were collected from eucalyptus trees in commercial farms in six Brazilian states and, after emergence, the insects obtained were frozen at -20 °C. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the Wolbachia endosymbiont. Wolbachia pipientis was identified in individuals of G. brimblecombei and its parasitoid P. bliteus from populations of the counties of Agudos and Mogi-Guaçu (São Paulo State), Itamarandiba (Minas Gerais State) and São Jerônimo da Serra (Paraná State) in Brazi

Fatty acid profile of lamb meat from two portuguese autochthonous breeds

In Portugal, sheep and goat meat production accounts for 2.8% of the total meat production in the country; and it is capable of supplying approximately 82% of the domestic demand (INE, 2015). Churra-Galega-Bragançana (CGB) and Bordaleira-entre-Douro-e-Minho (BEDM) are two native breeds of the north of Portugal, classified as endangered lamb breeds. These breeds are exploited for meat production, the former in the Atlantic bio-region and the latter in the Mediterranean area. Production factors, such as breed, have a great influence on nutritional aspects related with the content and quality of fat and fatty acid profile (Frank et al., 2016), which are considered important quality indicators that have a great influence on consumer acceptability (Andersen et al., 2005), especially nowadays as consumers have become increasingly concerned about health and the relationship between meat consumption and saturated fatty acids (Leroy and De Smet, 2019). These autochthonous breeds constitute an important genetic heritage that must be preserved, so assessing their fatty acid profile will allow a correct characterization of these breeds and their products.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ANATOMIA DO FÍGADO E VIAS BILÍFERAS DO MUÇUÃ (Kinosternon scorpioides)

Twenty livers of adult muçua were analyzed. The samples were obtained through an authorization of IBAMA (license nº 006/02, process nº 0220120011113/2002/81). The animals were anesthetized with xilazine (1mg/Kg/IM) and ketamine (20mg/Kg/IM). After muscular relaxation, they were sacrificed by means of an injection of sodium thiopental at 2.5% in the lethal doses of 60mg/Kg/IV). The coelomatic cavity was opened and the liver dissected with the aid of a magnifying glass. In all the animals the liver was quite voluminous, brown, rectangular in shape, extending through the whole medium portion of the coelomatic cavity, covering the pancreas, duodenum and stomach. External fissures divided the liver in 5 lobes: right lateral and median; square; left lateral and caudate with a papillae process. The liver is maintained in its anatomical position by the pressing of the coelomatic viscera as well as by the following ligaments: hepatogastric (connecting to the stomach); hepatoduodenopancreatic (connecting to the duodenum and pancreas); hepatopulmonar (connecting to the lung); hepatocoelomatic (connecting to the ventral portion of the coelomatic cavity) and hepatopericardic (connecting to the pericardial bursa). In regard to the bile ducts, it is observed that branches originated from the hepatic lobes pull together forming the main right and left ducts, which, together with the cystic duct derived from the gall bladder vesicle, originate the bile duct. According to these observations we concluded that the liver of the muçua is similar to the domestic mammals regarding the shape, number, characterization and bile draining of the hepatic lobe and differs from the ones of the related species such as salamander, snakes and other reptiles.Foram pesquisados 20 fígados de muçuãs (Kinosternon scorpiodes) adultos obtidos mediante autorização do IBAMA (licença nº006/02 e processo nº 022012001113/2002-81). Os animais foram anestesiados com cloridrato de xilazina (1 mg/Kg/IM) e cloridrato de quetamina (20 mg/Kg/IM) e após relaxamento muscular, foram sacrificados através da aplicação de tiopental sódico a 2,5%, na dose letal de 60 mg/Kg/EV. Em seguida prosseguiu-se com a abertura da cavidade pleuroperitoneal e a dissecação do órgão, auxiliada por lupa. Em 100% dos animais estudados aquele órgão apresentase como um fígado bastante volumoso, de formato retangular, coloração marrom, se estendendo por toda a porção média da cavidade pleuroperitoneal, envolvendo o pâncreas, duodeno e o estômago. Apresenta-se dividido, por fissuras externas, em cinco lobos: lateral e medial direitos, quadrado, lateral esquerdo, e caudato, este com o processo papilar. O fígado encontra-se mantido na posição anatômica pela pressão das vísceras pleuroperitoneais e pelos ligamentos, quais sejam, hepatogástrico (ligandoo ao estômago), hepatoduodenopancreático (ligando-o ao duodeno e pâncreas), hepatopulmonar (ligando-o ao pulmão), hepatopleuroperitoneal (ligando-o à porção ventral da cavidade pleuroperitoneal) e hepatopericárdico (ligando-o ao saco pericárdico). Quanto às vias bilíferas, observa-se que são formadas por ramos oriundos dos lobos hepáticos, que se juntam formando os ductos principais direito e esquerdo, os quais, juntamente com o ducto cístico, oriundo da vesícula biliar, formam o ducto colédoco. De acordo com as observações realizadas sobre a morfologia externa, conclui-se que o fígado do muçuã assemelha-se ao dos principais mamíferos domésticos, no que se refere à forma, número, caracterização e drenagem biliar dos lobos hepáticos, diferindo, entretanto, do das espécies mais próximas, como as salamandras, cobras e outros répteis

EXAME REPRODUTIVO EM GATO-DO-MATO-PEQUENO (Leopardus tigrinus Schreber, 1775)

A better understanding of the reproductive physiology of Neotropical small felids is necessary to get a more consistent reproductive performance aiming to increase the number of individuals that reproduce in the captive population and to develop and use assisted reproduction techniques. Andrologic examinations (n=32) were performed in three series of captive small catamounts (Leopardus tigrinus, n=11), at Itaipu Binacional Wildlife Breeding Center, at Foz do Iguassu PR Brazil. Animals were kept in enriched enclosures and were fed with bovine meat, whole chicken, rats, supplemented with minerals and vitamins. The anesthetic protocol used was xilazine (0.9 mg/kg, IM) combined with tiletamine/zolazepan (6.7 mg/kg, IM). The electroejaculation protocol used was described by Howard (1986) and consisted in 8 series of 10 stimulus, with intensity varying from 2 to 5 volts. Urine contamination was detected in 10 semen samples (31.2%), being possible to discard these and make good use of the other ones. Values are depicted as mean ± SEM. The characteristics of the semen were: volume 0.13 ± 0.20 ml; motility 73.44 ± 3.71%; status 3.48 ± 0.11; pH 7.58 ± 0.07. Spermatic concentration was 436.41 ± 95.8 x 106 cells/ml, with 55.86 ± 3.34 % morphologically normal spermatozoids. Results demonstrated that the used protocol was efficient in all animals submitted to semen collection and that teratospermia is high in this species.O objetivo desta pesquisa foi obter melhor compreensão da fisiologia reprodutiva dos pequenos felídeos neotropicais, necessária para um desempenho reprodutivo mais consistente em cativeiro e aumentar o número de indivíduos que se reproduzem na população cativa. Foram realizadas três séries de exames reprodutivos (n=32) em 11 gatos-do-mato-pequeno (Leopardus tigrinus), mantidos em cativeiro no Criadouro de Animais Silvestres da Itaipu Binacional, em Foz do Iguaçu PR. Os animais estavam alojados em recintos ambientados e eram alimentados com carne bovina, frango, pintainhos, ratos e suplemento mineral/vitamínico. O protocolo anestésico utilizado foi a associação de cloridrato de xilazina e cloridrato de tiletamina/zolazepan nas doses médias de 0,95 mg/Kg e 6,7 mg/kg, respectivamente. Os animais foram submetidos à colheita de sêmen pelo método de eletroejaculação conforme protocolo descrito por HOWARD (1986) com 8 séries de 10 estímulos, variando a intensidade de 2 a 5 Volts. Houve contaminação por urina em 10 colheitas (31,2%), sendo possível desprezar as alíquotas contaminadas, com aproveitamento do restante da amostra. O volume médio obtido foi de 0,13 ± 0,20 ml, com motilidade média de 73,44 ± 3,71 % e vigor de 3,48 ± 0,11 . O pH médio foi 7,58 ± 0,07. A concentração espermática foi de 436,41 ± 95,8 x 106 espermatozóides/ml, sendo que a porcentagem média de espermatozóides morfologicamente normais foi de 55,86 ± 3,34 %. Os valores obtidos nesta amostragem são compatíveis com os descritos por outros autores, contribuindo assim, na formação de um banco de dados de características reprodutivas, para felídeos desta espécie mantidos em cativeiro

Are Isomeric Alkenes Used in Species Recognition among Neo-Tropical Stingless Bees (Melipona Spp)

Our understanding of the role of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHC) in recognition is based largely on temperate ant species and honey bees. The stingless bees remain relatively poorly studied, despite being the largest group of eusocial bees, comprising more than 400 species in some 60 genera. The Meliponini and Apini diverged between 80–130 Myr B.P. so the evolutionary trajectories that shaped the chemical communication systems in ants, honeybees and stingless bees may be very different. The aim of this study was to study if a unique species CHC signal existed in Neotropical stingless bees, as has been shown for many temperate species, and what compounds are involved. This was achieved by collecting CHC data from 24 colonies belonging to six species of Melipona from North-Eastern Brazil and comparing the results with previously published CHC studies on Melipona. We found that each of the eleven Melipona species studied so far each produced a unique species CHC signal based around their alkene isomer production. A remarkable number of alkene isomers, up to 25 in M. asilvai, indicated the diversification of alkene positional isomers among the stingless bees. The only other group to have really diversified in alkene isomer production are the primitively eusocial Bumblebees (Bombus spp), which are the sister group of the stingless bees. Furthermore, among the eleven Neotropical Melipona species we could detect no effect of the environment on the proportion of alkane production as has been suggested for some other species